Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy is the destruction of abnormal cervical (cervix) or vulvar tissues by freezing them at very low temperatures. It is used to treat condylomas on the vulva and precancerous changes in the cervix.

Precancerous changes (CIN or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) are typically detected through abnormal Pap smears. If the lesion is too large, freezing is not an appropriate treatment option. Cryotherapy should not be performed if you are pregnant or menstruating.

Cryotherapy is a simple procedure that can be easily performed in a clinic and does not require anesthesia.

The patient lies in a gynecological examination position. Nitrous oxide, a very cold gas, is pumped into the probe, lowering the temperature at the tip of the probe. Your doctor will apply the probe to the affected area. You may feel a burning and cramping sensation as the area freezes.

Although the procedure can be somewhat uncomfortable, it rarely requires anesthesia.

After the procedure, you should stay in the clinic for at least ten minutes. Many women may experience abdominal cramps. There may be light discharge after the procedure, which can last for up to four weeks. Sexual intercourse should be avoided during this time.

Mild sores may develop in the areas where condylomas were treated. These will scab over and heal over time. Your doctor will provide you with information on how to care for the sores. Complications from this procedure are rare. You may experience pain or hot flashes. Your doctor will inform you about treatment and follow-up care. If the procedure was performed due to an abnormal Pap smear, a repeat Pap smear should be done in 3-4 months.

After cryotherapy for cervical lesions, the following conditions may be observed:

• Pain
• Hot flashes
• Abdominal cramps
• Bleeding
• Color changes in the treated area
• Damage to hair and sweat glands in the treated area
• Scar tissue

Contact your doctor if:

• The treated area bleeds or does not heal
• The lesion recurs
• Symptoms of infection develop
• You have abdominal cramps lasting more than 24 hours
• Vaginal discharge continues longer than expected
• There is excessive vaginal bleeding.